Garbage Language

Obfuscation is alive and well in the corporate world. Molly Young writes in New York Magazine about the ways the Millenial generation of white-collar workers replicate the communication patterns of the organization man and woman.

Silicon Valley

She reviews Anna Weiners’ memoir Uncanny Valley about life in San Francisco during the current tech bubble:

…the scent of moneyed Bay Area in the mid-2010s: kombucha, office dog, freshly unwrapped USB cable…the lofty ambitions of her company, its cushy amenities, the casual misogyny that surrounds her like a cloud of gnats.

Wiener describes watching her peers attend silent-meditation retreats, take LSD, discuss Stoicism, and practice Reiki at parties. She tries ecstatic dance, gulps nootropics, and accepts a “cautious, fully-clothed back massage” from her company’s in-house masseuse. She encounters a man who self-identifies as a Japanese raccoon dog.

Only, as they say, in San Francisco. Or is it? Her description of the language employed is universal:

People used a sort of nonlanguage, which was neither beautiful nor especially efficient: a mash-up of business-speak with athletic and wartime metaphors, inflated with self-importance. Calls to action; front lines and trenches; blitzscaling. Companies didn’t fail, they died.

Weiner’s term for this is garbage language. More accurate than jargon or buzzwords since it is produced mindlessly and stinks. She notes how these terms warp and impede language, and permeate “the ways we think of our jobs and shapes our identities as workers.”

Etymology

Down the years, Weiner notes, garbage language has taken different forms:

  • In the 1980s it smelled of Wall Street: leverage, stakeholder, value-add.
  • The rise of high-tech introduced computing and gaming metaphors: bandwidth, hack, the concept of double-clicking on something, of talking off-line.
  • In the 1990s Clayton Christensen introduced the term disruptive.
  • By the turn of the century, New Age terms arrived: lean-in, conscious choices.
  • Then there are aviation terms: holding-pattern, discussing something at the 30,000-foot level.

Further characteristics include:

…verbs and adjectives shoved into nounhood (ask, win, fail, refresh, regroup, creative, sync, touchbase), nouns shoved into verbhood (whiteboard, bucket), and a heap of nonwords that, through force of repetition, became wordlike (complexify, co-execute, replatform, shareability, directionality).

WeWork

Young takes the WeWork SEC prospectus to task for it’s “fidelity to incoherence” — a 200,000-word tomb that overflows with windy passages such as:

We are a community company committed to maximum global impact. Our mission is to elevate the world’s consciousness. We have built a worldwide platform that supports growth, shared experiences and true success.

Why CEOs speak like idiots

In a passage worth quoting at length, Young zeros in on the dilemma those in the C-Suite face:

Edith Wharton[wrote a] story where a character observes the constraints of speaking a foreign tongue: “Don’t you know how, in talking a foreign language, even fluently, one says half the time, not what one wants to, but what one can?” To put it another way: Do CEOs act like jerks because they are jerks, or because the language of management will create a jerk of anyone eventually? If garbage language is a form of self-marketing, then a CEO must find it especially tempting to conceal the unpleasant parts of his or her job — the necessary whip-cracking — in a pile of verbal fluff.

Author Jessica Helfand lists commonly abused words and phrases, which she claims younger workers cling to because they give the illusion of authority. She classifies them as:

  • Hyphenated Mash-ups (omni-channel, level-setting, business-critical),
  • Compound Phrases (email blast, integrated deck, pain point, deep dive), and
  • Conceptual Hybrids (“shooting” someone an email, “looping” someone in).

Delusion as an Asset

Young concludes by quoting Nietzsche’s On Truth and Lies in an Extra-Moral Sense:

A mobile army of metaphors, metonyms, and anthropomorphisms — in short, a sum of human relations which have been enhanced, transposed, and embellished poetically and rhetorically, and which after long use seem firm, canonical, and obligatory to a people: truths are illusions about which one has forgotten that this is what they are; metaphors which are worn out and without sensuous power; coins which have lost their pictures and now matter only as metal, no longer as coins.

The German philosopher made the ironic suggestion that we drop all pretense at ‘functional’ speak and resort to poetry. Something, Young concludes, that would be less of a threat than the garbage spoken in the corporate world today, where:

The meaningful threat of garbage language — the reason it is not just annoying but malevolent — is that it confirms delusion as an asset in the workplace.

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Michael Skapinder offers a defense of jargon and business-speak in the June 20, 2008 edition of the Financial Times. He quotes the 1954 book ‘The Complete Plain Words’ by Ernest Gowers, who said jargon was “a word applied contemptuously to the language of scholars, the terminology of a science or art, or the cant of a class, sect, trade or profession”.

Skapinder defends the use:

Any group that works, plays or lives together develops its own vocabulary, often incomprehensible to anyone else. This is as true of investment banks as it is of street gangs. It often seems the purpose is to exclude outsiders, but a more important reason is to give names to things that all involved understand.

When Microsoft last week announced the launch of its new “hypervisor-based virtualisation technology”, I did not have a clue what it meant, but no doubt software people did.

He concludes by stating that while “private language [i.e. jargon] seems inherent to human communication”, we can at least take the time to explain the meaning to outsiders. Something that has long been advised by other FT columnists.

The UK’s irreverent IT newsletter ‘The Register’ reports that researchers at Cornell University studied the impact of ‘corporate world salad’ on job performance.

Those who ‘circle back’ and ‘synergize’ also tend to be crap at their jobs

Cornell Uni researchers pivot to pluck low-hanging fruit to optimize bandwidth

By Carly Page, Sunday March 15, 2026

Workers who believe “leveraging cross-functional synergies” sounds profound may want to rethink their career trajectory because a new study suggests people who fall for corporate word salad also tend to perform worse at their jobs.

Researchers from Cornell University have developed what they call “the Corporate Bullshit Receptivity Scale,” a tool designed to measure how impressed people are by business school-style jargon that sounds strategic but says very little.
The findings, described in a recent study, suggest that employees who rate this sort of language as insightful are more likely to struggle with analytical thinking and workplace decision-making.

To build the scale, researchers ran four studies involving more than 1,000 working adults in the US and Canada. Participants were shown a mix of genuine corporate statements and nonsense lines generated by what the researchers call a “corporate bullshit generator” – effectively a tool that mashes together buzzwords into sentences that sound like they came straight out of a quarterly strategy meeting.

Examples included lines such as “actualize a renewed level of cradle-to-grave credentialing” and “pressure-test a renewed level of adaptive coherence.” Participants were then asked to rate how meaningful or insightful the statements appeared.
The idea was to measure how easily someone interprets impressive-sounding language as legitimate business insight. According to the researchers, that trait turns out to correlate with some less flattering cognitive patterns.

People who scored higher on the Corporate Bullshit Receptivity Scale tended to perform worse on tests measuring analytical thinking, cognitive reflection, and fluid intelligence. They also made poorer judgments in workplace decision-making scenarios designed to mimic common business problems.

In other words, the employees most impressed by corporate jargon were also the ones least likely to think critically about it.
That doesn’t mean the buzzword enthusiasts were miserable at work, though. In fact, the opposite appears to be true.

According to the researchers, people with higher receptivity to corporate jargon were more likely to view their bosses as charismatic leaders and to feel inspired by corporate messaging. They were also more likely to use the same language themselves, helping to keep the buzzword cycle alive.

The researchers say the result can create a feedback loop within organizations. Leaders who speak in vague, buzzword-heavy language may be seen as visionary by employees who find that style persuasive, which only encourages more of the same corporate word salad.

The work builds on earlier research into what psychologists call “bullshit receptivity,” effectively the tendency to see deep meaning in statements designed to sound impressive while saying very little.
Applied to the workplace, the idea suggests that corporate jargon sticks around not just because executives enjoy using it, but because many people respond to it as if it were genuine insight.

So the next time someone proposes “synergizing scalable paradigms,” it may not be a bold strategic breakthrough. It might simply be a quick way to find out who in the room is nodding along and who is quietly wondering what on earth that was supposed to mea



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